Gene-edited cattle have a major screwup in their DNA (11 minute read)
A flaw has been discovered in the genetically modified cattle made by Recombinetics. Recombinetics created modified bovine which do not grow horns, but in the process, bacterial DNA was mixed up with the cows' DNA, resulting in antibiotic resistance within the cows. While it is probably safe to eat the cattle, scientists are worried that the genes may be passed onto the bacteria inside their guts, leading to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Bacterial DNA present in their genome means that the cows will not receive regulatory approval as food. This is an example of how DNA editing can go wrong. Independent scientists still haven't had a chance to confirm whether the genetically modified Chinese twins born last year have any unintended mistakes in their DNA.
Strange life forms found deep in a mine point to vast 'underground Galapagos' (8 minute read)
Organisms have been discovered 7,900 feet below the surface inside Canada's Kidd Mine. The dark waters in the mine contain single-celled organisms that breathe sulfur and live off pyrite, also known as fool's gold. Other organisms have been discovered in deep areas, including boreholes, volcanic vents on the bottom of the ocean, and in sediments far beneath the seafloor. These areas have no light, air, or any connection to the surface, and may help us understand how life started on our planet, as well as on other planets. Some of these organisms are able to live in temperatures well above the boiling point of water, and others can withstand pressures 20,000 times higher than the air pressure at sea level. Due to these conditions, the organisms' cellular metabolism can be different from that of those on the surface, with some organisms surviving for thousands of years or more without dividing.